31920: Stream - WebSocket - Handshake Error

Twilio returns this error when your Media Stream endpoint responds to the WebSocket connection request with an HTTP status other than 101. In most cases, the URL in <Stream> did not complete a valid WebSocket upgrade.

• The destination server does not support WebSocket connections.
• The WebSocket protocol is not enabled for the requested URL.
• The <Stream> url points to the wrong path for your WebSocket server, so the server returns a non-101 response instead of upgrading the connection.
• The <Stream> url includes query string parameters. <Stream> does not support query strings, which can cause your application to reject the request.

• Verify that your server and framework are configured to accept WebSocket connections on the destination route.
• Verify that the path in your TwiML points to the exact endpoint that handles the WebSocket upgrade.
• Use wss in the <Stream> url. Twilio supports only wss for Media Streams.
• Remove query string parameters from the <Stream> url. Use nested <Parameter> nouns to pass custom values instead.
• Set statusCallback on <Stream> so you can review StreamError details when the stream fails to start.

• Media Streams Overview
• TwiML <Stream>
• Media Streams WebSocket Messages