Programmable Messaging for WhatsApp and Java Quickstart

Before you can send a WhatsApp message from your web language, you'll need to sign up for a Twilio account or sign into your existing account and activate the Twilio Sandbox for WhatsApp. It allows you to prototype with WhatsApp immediately using a shared phone number, without waiting for a dedicated number to be approved by WhatsApp.

To get started, select a number from the available sandbox numbers to activate your sandbox.

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Be sure to take note of the phone number you choose in the Sandbox. You will need this later when we're ready to send some messages.

Before you can send any messages, you'll need to gather your Twilio account credentials. You can find these in the Twilio Console.

• Account SID - Used to authenticate REST API requests
• Auth Token - Used to authenticate REST API requests

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For all of our code snippets and curl examples, you will need to authenticate with the Account SID and Auth Token.

The next steps will involve writing some code. We've written up development environment setup in Java, where you'll set up a dev environment and prepare to build a web app with Servlets.

• Java development environment setup

f you haven't yet set up your development environment to write some Java, head there first to get ready - and don't worry, Spark is just one step further. This quickstart will be waiting.

Send "join <your sandbox keyword>" to your Sandbox number in WhatsApp to join your Sandbox, and we'll reply with a confirmation that you've joined. Your sandbox keyword can be found in the console.

Once you join, you will only receive messages from your specific Sandbox. To disconnect from the sandbox, you can reply to the message from WhatsApp with sandbox stop, or switch to a different sandbox by messaging join <other sandbox keyword>.

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To invite someone else to your sandbox, create a link with the following format containing the opt-in message and send it to them: whatsapp://send?phone=<Your Sandbox Number>&text=<your URL-encoded sandbox keyword>

You can also create a QR code with the link format above that users can scan on their phone to opt-in to your sandbox.

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To send a message, use the following code and replace the to parameter with the phone number for your personal WhatsApp account in the E.164 format. (If you haven't already, install WhatsApp on your device and register for an account.) For the from parameter, be sure to include the whatsapp: channel identifier before the Sandbox number in E.164 format.

For the From parameter, you need your Sender ID which should be shown on the installed channel in the Twilio Console, as shown previously.

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// Install the Java helper library from twilio.com/docs/java/install
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import com.twilio.type.PhoneNumber;
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import com.twilio.Twilio;
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import com.twilio.rest.api.v2010.account.Message;
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public class Example {
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    // Find your Account SID and Auth Token at twilio.com/console
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    // and set the environment variables. See http://twil.io/secure
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    public static final String ACCOUNT_SID = System.getenv("TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID");
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    public static final String AUTH_TOKEN = System.getenv("TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN");
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    public static void main(String[] args) {
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        Twilio.init(ACCOUNT_SID, AUTH_TOKEN);
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        Message message = Message
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                              .creator(new com.twilio.type.PhoneNumber("whatsapp:+15005550006"),
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                                  new com.twilio.type.PhoneNumber("whatsapp:+14155238886"),
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                                  "Hello there!")
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                              .create();
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        System.out.println(message.getBody());
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    }
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}

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{
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  "account_sid": "ACaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa",
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  "api_version": "2010-04-01",
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  "body": "Hello there!",
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  "date_created": "Thu, 24 Aug 2023 05:01:45 +0000",
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  "date_sent": "Thu, 24 Aug 2023 05:01:45 +0000",
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  "date_updated": "Thu, 24 Aug 2023 05:01:45 +0000",
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  "direction": "outbound-api",
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  "error_code": null,
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  "error_message": null,
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  "from": "whatsapp:+14155238886",
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  "num_media": "0",
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  "num_segments": "1",
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  "price": null,
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  "price_unit": null,
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  "messaging_service_sid": "MGaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa",
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  "sid": "SMaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa",
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  "status": "queued",
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  "subresource_uris": {
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    "media": "/2010-04-01/Accounts/ACaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/Messages/SMaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/Media.json"
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  },
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  "tags": {
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    "campaign_name": "Spring Sale 2022",
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    "message_type": "cart_abandoned"
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  },
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  "to": "whatsapp:+15005550006",
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  "uri": "/2010-04-01/Accounts/ACaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/Messages/SMaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.json"
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}

When someone replies to one of your messages, you will receive a webhook request from Twilio.

You can configure webhooks by connecting your Sandbox to an app you've already built for handling incoming messages, or build a new one for WhatsApp messages.

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This webhook request also supports TwiML (the Twilio Markup Language) just like a regular Twilio SMS request.

To handle this request, you need to set up a web application and expose it to the internet. The Java Programmable Messaging Quickstart shows you how to respond to a message and generate TwiML in Java with Spark.

And - that's all there is to it; receiving and responding is exactly the same as you would do in any SMS app with our Messaging API. Cool, right?

Because the Twilio WhatsApp API is essentially the same as the Twilio Programmable Messaging API, all of the documentation for that API applies to your apps sending and receiving messages with WhatsApp. To dive deeper with a WhatsApp integration, see the WhatsApp documentation overview as well as the API Reference.

Here are some areas you might like to explore next.

• Send appointment reminders
• Create SMS conversations
• The Programmable Messaging API overview

Let's build some amazing WhatsApp integrations.