Programmable Voice Quickstart for Ruby

Before you can make a phone call from Ruby, you'll need a Twilio account. Sign up here to get your free trial account or log in to an account you already have.

The next thing you'll need is a voice-capable Twilio phone number. If you don't currently own a Twilio phone number with voice call functionality, you'll need to purchase one. After navigating to the Buy a Number page, check the "Voice" box and click "Search."

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You'll then see a list of available phone numbers and their capabilities. Find a number that suits your fancy and click "Buy" to add it to your account.

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Now that you have a Twilio account and a programmable phone number, you have the basic tools you need to make a phone call.

Next, we'll install Twilio's official Ruby helper library to help us communicate with the Twilio APIs.

To make your first phone call, you'll need to have Ruby and the Twilio Ruby helper library installed.

If you're using a Mac or Linux machine, you probably already have Ruby installed. You can check this by opening up a terminal and running the following command:

ruby --version

You should see something like:

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$ ruby --version
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ruby 2.7.2

Windows users can use RubyInstaller to install Ruby.

Twilio's Ruby SDK is tested against and supports Ruby versions from 2.4 through 3.0. (Got an older version of Ruby? You can use rbenv, RVM or Homebrew to upgrade to the minimum supported version.)

The easiest way to install twilio-ruby is from RubyGems.

gem install twilio-ruby

Manual Installation
Or, you can clone the source code for twilio-ruby, and install the library from there.
"Permission Denied"
If the command line gives you a long error message that says Permission Denied in the middle of it, try running the above commands with sudo: sudo gem install twilio-ruby.

Now that we have Ruby and twilio-ruby installed, we can make an outgoing phone call with a single API request from the Twilio phone number we just purchased. Create a new file called make_call.rb and type or paste in this code sample.

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require 'twilio-ruby'
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# Get your Account Sid and Auth Token from twilio.com/console
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# To set up environmental variables, see http://twil.io/secure
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account_sid = ENV['TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID']
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auth_token = ENV['TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN']
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# set up a client to talk to the Twilio REST API
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@client = Twilio::REST::Client.new(account_sid, auth_token)
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call = @client.calls.create(
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    to: "+15558675310",
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    from: "+15017122661",
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    url: "http://demo.twilio.com/docs/voice.xml")
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puts call.to

This code starts a phone call between the two phone numbers that we pass as arguments. The 'from' number is our Twilio number, and the 'to' number is who we want to call.

The URL argument points to some TwiML (Twilio Markup Language), which tells Twilio what to do next when our recipient answers their phone. This TwiML tells Twilio to read a message using text to speech and then play an MP3.

Before this code will work, though, we need to edit it a little to work with your Twilio account.

Swap the placeholder values for account_sid and auth_token with your personal Twilio credentials.

Go to https://www.twilio.com/console and log in. On this page, you'll find your unique Account SID and Auth Token, which you'll need any time you send messages through the Twilio client like this. You can reveal your auth token by clicking on the eyeball icon:

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Open make_call.rb and replace the values for account_sid and auth_token with your unique values.

Remember that voice-enabled phone number you bought just a few minutes ago? Go ahead and replace the existing from number with that one, making sure to use E.164 formatting:

[+][country code][phone number including area code]

Next, replace the to phone number with your mobile phone number. This can be any phone number that can receive calls, but it's a good idea to test with your phone so that you can see the magic happen! As above, you should use E.164 formatting for this value.

Save your changes and run the script from your terminal:

ruby make_call.rb

That's it! Your phone should ring with a call from your Twilio number, and you'll hear our short message for you. 😉

Next, we'll learn how to respond to a call made to your Twilio phone number. First, we'll need to get a Sinatra server up and running.

In order to receive and reply to incoming SMS messages, we'll need to create a very lightweight web application that can accept incoming requests. We'll use Sinatra for this Quickstart, but if you prefer to use Rails, you can find instructions in this blog post.
First, you need a Gemfile with the following content in it:

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# Gemfile
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source 'https://rubygems.org'
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gem 'sinatra'
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gem 'twilio-ruby'
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Ruby projects use Bundler to manage dependencies, so the command to pull Sinatra and the Twilio SDK into our development environment is bundle install. (If you don't have Bundler installed on your machine already, you'll need to run gem install bundler first.)

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$ bundle install
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…

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Use `bundle show [gemname]` to see where a bundled gem is installed.
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We can test that our development environment is configured correctly by creating a Sinatra application. We'll grab the example from Sinatra's documentation and drop it in a new file called quickstart.rb.

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require 'sinatra'
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require 'twilio-ruby'
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get '/' do
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  content_type 'text/xml'
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  Twilio::TwiML::VoiceResponse.new do | response |
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    response.say(message: "Hello World")
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  end.to_s
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end

We can then try running our new Sinatra application with the command ruby quickstart.rb. You can then open http://localhost:4567 in your browser and you should see the <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><Response><Say>Hello World</Say></Response> response.

We're building a small Sinatra application to accept incoming phone calls. Before we do that, we need to make sure that Twilio can reach our application.
Most Twilio services use webhooks to communicate with your application. When Twilio receives a phone call, for example, it reaches out to a URL in your application for instructions on how to handle the call.
When you're working on your Sinatra application in your development environment, your app is only reachable by other programs on your computer, so Twilio won't be able to talk to it. We need to solve this problem by making your application accessible over the internet.
While there are a lot of ways to do this, like deploying your application to Heroku or AWS, you'll probably want a less laborious way to test your Twilio application. For a lightweight way to make your app available on the internet, we recommend a tool called ngrok. Once started, ngrok provides a unique URL on the ngrok.io domain which forwards incoming requests to your local development environment.
It works something like this:

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If you don't already use ngrok, head over to their download page and grab the appropriate binary for your operating system. Once downloaded, unzip the package.
If you're working on a Mac or Linux, you're all set. If you're on Windows, follow our guide on how to install and configure ngrok on Windows. For more info on ngrok, including some great tips and tricks, check out this in-depth blog post.

Once you've got ngrok set up, start that Sinatra application we made previously:

ruby quickstart.rb

Your application must be running locally for ngrok to do its magic.

Then open a new terminal tab or window and start ngrok with this command:

./ngrok http 4567

4567 is the default port for Sinatra applications. If your local server is running on a different port, replace 4567 with the correct port number.

You should see output similar to this:

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Copy your public URL from this output and paste it into your browser. If everything's working correctly, you should see your Sinatra application's <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><Response><Say>Hello World</Say></Response>message.

When your Twilio number receives an incoming phone call, it sends an HTTP request to your server asking for instructions on what to do next. Once you receive the request, you can tell Twilio how to respond to the call.

For this quickstart, we'll have our Sinatra app reply to answer the phone call and say a short message to the caller. Open up quickstart.rb again and update the code to look like this code sample:

Respond to an incoming request from Twilio with instructions on how to handle the call

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require 'bundler'
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Bundler.require()
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def self.get_or_post(url,&block)
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  get(url,&block)
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  post(url,&block)
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end
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get_or_post '/answer' do
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 Twilio::TwiML::VoiceResponse.new do |r|
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  r.say(message: "Thank you for calling! Have a great day.")
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 end.to_s
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end

Respond to an incoming request from Twilio with instructions on how to handle the call

Save the file and restart your app with

ruby quickstart.rb

You should now be able to open a web browser to http://localhost:4567/answer. If you view the page source code, you should see the following text:

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<Response>
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    <Say">Thank you for calling! Have a great day.</Say>
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</Response>

This source code is TwiML XML generated by your code with the help of the Twilio helper library.

Double-check that ngrok is still running on localhost with the same port as before. Now Twilio will be able to find your application. There's just one last thing we need before we're ready to call your app: we need to tell Twilio where to send its request.

For Twilio to know where to look, you need to configure your Twilio phone number to call your webhook URL whenever a call comes in.

1. Log into twilio.com and go to the Numbers page in the Console.
2. Click on your voice-enabled phone number.
3. Find the Voice & Fax section. The default "CONFIGURE WITH" is what you'll need: "Webhooks, TwiML Bins, [etc.]"
4. In the "A CALL COMES IN" section, select "Webhook" and paste in the URL you want to use (don't forget the /answer endpoint!).

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Save your changes - you're ready!

As long as your localhost and ngrok server are up and running, we're ready for the fun part - testing our new Sinatra application!
Make a phone call from your mobile phone to your Twilio phone number. You should see an HTTP request in your ngrok console. Your Sinatra app will process the incoming request and respond with your TwiML. Then you'll hear your message once the call connects.

Now you know the basics of making and responding to phone calls with Ruby.
Our Sinatra app here only used the <Say> TwiML verb to read a message to the caller using text to speech, but you can do much more with different TwiML verbs like <Record>, <Gather>, and <Conference>.
Check out these pages to learn more:

• Gather user input via keypad (DTMF tones) in Ruby
• Learn how to record incoming and outgoing Twilio Voice phone calls using Ruby
• Create conference calls in Ruby
• Dive into the API Reference documentation for Twilio Programmable Voice
• Learn how to modify calls in progress with Ruby
• Looking to make a call from your browser or mobile application? Use a Twilio Voice SDK to integrate high-quality VoIP calling.
• Retrieve information about in-progress and completed calls from your Twilio account using Ruby.
• Check out our full sample application tutorial on how to transfer calls from one support agent to another with Ruby and Sinatra

Let's build something amazing.